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2023 NECO BIOLOGY PRACTICAL SPECIMENS
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THE 2023 NECO BIOLOGY PRACTICAL SPECIMEN IS LISTED BELOW
Specimen A – Land Snail
Specimen B – Toad
Specimen C – Spider
Specimen D – Crayfish
Specimen E – Spirogyra Filaments
Specimen F – mucor/Rhizopus
Specimen G – Groundnut Seeding (A week old)
Specimen H – Maize Seedling (A week old)
Specimen I – Microscope
Specimen J – Slide (plain)
Specimen K – Pigeon
Specimen L – Agama Lizard
Specimen M – Rat
Specimen N – Tilapia
2023 NECO BIOLOGY PRACTICAL SPECIMEN ANSWERS ARE PROVIDED HERE TO ALL NECO CANDIDATES
Specimen A – land Snail
Habitat of Specimen A
Specimen A lives in shrublands, agricultural areas, plantations, gardens, wetlands e.t.c
Phylum – Mollusca
Class – Gastropoda
Observation Features that Adapt Specimen A to its Habitats
Lungs – Adapt to land habitat by using lungs that take in oxygen.
Shells – for protection
Tentacles – for vision and feelings
Rasp tongue – for consumption and digestion
Foots – for movement inland habitat
Economic Importance of Specimen A
- They eat very low on the food web
- they provide food for all sorts of mammals, birds earthworms e.t.c
- They cause great disaster to farmers crop
- they consume rotten vegetation like most leaf.
Mode of the feeding of Specimen A
Is by Scraping and they mostly feed on leaves and insect
Sex of Specimen A
They exhibit Hermaphrodite / Bisexual (The snail with bigger shell are mainly female)
Specimen A Diagram: Land Snail
Specimen B: Toad
Habitat of Specimen B
Wet/moist/damp land/under stone/damp grass/vegetation near freshwater ponds.
Class to which Toad/Specimens B Belongs
Amphibia
Observable Features That Adapt Toad/Specimen B to its Habitat
– Poison gland; for protection;
– Warty skin; for camouflage;
– Webbed digits of hind limbs for swimming;
– Bulging eyes; for wide vision;
– Muscular forelimbs; for absorbing shock;
– Long muscular hind limbs for jumping/hopping
– Cryptic coloration for camouflage;
– Moist skin for (cutaneous) respiration.
Mode of Feeding of Toad
It’s by tongue Projection, Toads have a long, sticky tongue that they can rapidly project out of their mouth to catch prey.
Economic Importance of Toad/Specimen B
Predator-Prey Dynamics: Toads help regulate populations of insects and other invertebrates, playing a crucial role in balancing predator-prey relationships.
Nutrient Cycling: Contribute to nutrient cycling through consumption and waste release.
Indicators of Environmental Health: Toads serve as indicator species, reflecting the overall health of ecosystems and signaling changes in water quality and habitat conditions.
Seed Dispersal: Toads inadvertently aid in seed dispersal by consuming fruits or seeds and excreting them in different locations, facilitating plant colonization and genetic diversity.
Prey for Predators: Toads provide a food source for various predators, contributing to the energy flow and trophic interactions within ecosystems.
Genetic Diversity: Toads contribute to overall genetic diversity in ecosystems, allowing for adaptation to changing environmental conditions and promoting resilience.
Food Chain of Toad
grass→ dragon fly→ Toad.
Diagram of Toad Specimen
Specimen C – Spider
Forests (temperate and tropical)/Grasslands/ Deserts/Wetlands (marshes, swamps)/ Caves/ Mountains/ Shrublands (scrublands)
Class Of Specimen C
Arachnida
Observable Features That Adapt Spider/Specimen C to its Habitat
Leg Structure: Adapted for specific habitat movement.
Spinnerets: Silk-producing appendages for web-building.
Chelicerae and Fangs: Adapted for prey capture and venom injection.
Body Size and Shape: Varies based on habitat requirements.
Eyes: Adapted for visual capabilities and prey detection.
Sensory Hairs: Aid in detecting vibrations and prey movements.
Mode of Feeding of Spider
Spiders immobilize prey by biting and injecting venom or using silk to wrap it.
Economic/Biological Importance of Spider/Specimen C
Spiders eat household pests
Spiders are good for gardens
Spiders kill off disease-carrying insects
Spider venom can treat medical conditions
Spider venom can treat medical conditions
Spiders are a food source for other animals
Spiders are an essential part of the ecosystem
Spider Specimen Diagram
SPECIMEN D – CRAYFISH
HABITAT
Freshwater Habitats, Streams and Rivers, Lakes, and Ponds e.t.c.
Class to which Crayfish/Specimens D Belongs
Arthropoda
Observable Features That Adapt Crayfish/Specimen D to its Habitat
- Claws and Appendages:
- Large, powerful claws for defense and prey capture.
- Walking legs with specialized structures for movement and stability.
- Exoskeleton and Body Shape:
- Protective exoskeleton for defense.
- Compressed body shape for maneuverability in narrow spaces.
- Antennae and Sensory Organs:
- Long antennae with chemoreceptors for detecting chemicals.
- Sensory setae for perceiving movements and vibrations.
- Abdomen and Tail:
- Uropods and swimmerets for swimming and stability.
- Tail fan and telson for propulsion and protection.
Economic Importance of Crayfish/Specimen D
- It plays a key role in indicating water quality, keystone controls of trophic webs, and bioindicators of communities or habitats.
- They are a very good source of protein and are very beneficial for human health, widely eaten throughout the world
- The food industry has been upgraded because of this crayfish as it is in very demand for the purpose of health among the customers.
Mode of Feeding of Crayfish
Crayfish use pincers to grab food and legs to guide it into their mouths. They employ chelipeds to tear apart tough food.
Food Chain Of Crayfish
Algae and Aquatic Plants → Herbivorous Invertebrates → Crayfish